During a violent struggle, Calvert was shot dead. Since September 2015, Radio Caroline has been broadcasting 'live' for one weekend each month[59] as "Radio Caroline North" (with original DJs and a mixed 1960s, 1970s and 1980s music content and jingles) from its former home the MV Ross Revenge on the Blackwater Estuary in Essex, via Manx Radio's 1368kHz 20kW transmitter on the Isle of Man. In 1990 the UK government amended the 1967 anti-offshore law to allow the boarding and silencing of stations in international waters if their signals could be received in the UK, even if their vessels were foreign-registered and operated. O'Rahilly promised financial backing if van Dam could return the ship to broadcasting condition. Spectrum threatened to sue the Radio Authority, which then allowed Spectrum to temporarily broadcast on 990kHz alongside 558kHz. Radio Caroline - 2. He announced towards the end of the programme that it was his last show because he had accepted an offer to become programme controller of RNI! [71][72][73], In January 2002, a Dutch Caroline fan called Sietse Brouwer launched a Netherlands-based Dutch Radio Caroline in Harlingen, broadcasting on the northern Netherlands cable networks and largely independent of UK Caroline. Radio Caroline John Miles - Highfly Premier Christian Radio Hope Through The Night DJ On Tap Bobbie Gentry - I'll Never Fall in Love Again Times Radio The best of Times Radio - Highlights from the week Original 106 Anne-Marie - 2002 Smooth Country Michael Johnson - Give Me Wings Red Rose Radio ABBA - Lay All Your Love On Me U105 A Fox News poll released on Sunday found Trump receiving 43 percent support while DeSantis, who's widely speculated to be gearing up for a White House run, received 28 percent, among a list of . The 'amateurs' were said to be reaching 39million listeners with 15million in the South of England and the rest in the North. The LBC brand. 15 August 1967 following passage of the Marine Offences Act, Broadcasting from various locations offshore to Western Europe. MV Caroline arrived at her new anchorage on the southern tip of the Bahama Bank, Ramsey Bay, on 6 July 1964,[13] at a position formerly occupied by the Bahama Bank Lightship. In mid-September 1965, the crew and DJs on MV Mi Amigo were joined for the weekend by 1960s pop singer Sylvan Whittingham, who visited the ship to promote her single "We Don't Belong". "Why do we have to pay, why aren't they out at sea, the music's no good," and so on. Research suggests that the average person hears between 20,000 and 30,000 words during the course of a 24-hour period. As its popularity began to blossom, the British Government looked at ways to curtail the station's influence. 68% of Brits listen to the radio at home. Detailed information on the survey process. [66], In October 2020, a new station using the Caroline name and logo launched in Burnham-on-Crouch, broadcasting to the Maldon District of Essex on 94.7FM. At that time I thought RNI 2 was here to stay. Global delivers record results extending its position as the UK's #1 commercial radio company Global leads the UK commercial radio market with highest . Listening on your phone or tablet (iPad etc) Download the Boom Radio UK app from the app store - and then just click the white arrow. It is jointly owned by the BBC and the Radiocentre on behalf of the commercial sector. Click the pic to find out more. When we started our series to commemorate the forty years of Radio Caroline, we asked the readers to write down their memories of the station in just a few lines. The transmitter was initially too powerful for the antenna insulators. London WC1E 7EB, Find out more information on completing the Radio Diary. Radio Caroline's first musical theme was Jimmy McGriff's "Round Midnight", a jazz standard co-composed by Thelonious Monk. Technology. Boom Radio grows by 9,000 listeners from 233,000 to 242,000 but has a boom in hours - with average hours up from 7.8 to 10.1 and total hours up from 1.81m to 2.45m Times Radio drops by 135,000. I remember wandering around that show house with my tranny on my arm. [6] The first programme, which was pre-recorded, was hosted by Chris Moore. [34] It had an antenna system radiating from a 300-foot (91m) high mast, the tallest on any ship in the world. The latest NOP Audience Survey Figures show that Radio Caroline has an audience in Great Britain in excess of any other radio station with 19% aged 16 and over, whilst Radio London did have 12%. Over 30% of radio listeners older than 34 still use analogue radio. The following day, Caroline was one of few stations in the South East still broadcasting. Radio Caroline broadcasts music from the 1960s to contemporary, with an emphasis on album-oriented rock (AOR) and "new" music from "carefully selected albums". New data has shown the listening figures for BBC radio stations, with two of its flagship outlets having experienced a sharp decline in audiences - whilst some shows have remained steady instead The Caroline Countdown of Sound 6pm Mondays is rtracks from new albums but by long established and newer artists, many whose albums sell well or in these days have high streaming figures, and. Lord Annan, author of the 1977 Report of the Committee on the Future of Broadcasting, spoke in defence of Radio Caroline in the House of Lords at report stage on the Broadcasting Act 1990, saying "Why break a butterfly upon the wheel? Important information on how the survey works and who and what we measure. However, full station identity jingles for the new Radio Caroline were not aired until 10th October 1983. The fact is that the station is on air for twenty-four hours a day, seven days a week something I would have not thought possible not that long ago. [39] Caroline returned to the air using a makeshift aerial with a less powerful signal. Radio Caroline Continuous Caroline Music Shows Adrian Skirrow London, United Kingdom Alan Watts Alan Watts has been one of the trusty side-kicks to radio god Bob Harris for the past ten years including stints at GLR in 1994, moving on with Bob to Thames Valley FM and of course since 1997 at BBC Radio 2. ", And then a small packet of Caroline's past was brought back by Mary Payne, director of the Radio London company which does a lot of work, including maintaining an excellent site on the history of Radio London together with her husband Chris. Just as I was about to go to school one morning, my mother called me and my brother into my parents' bedroom to watch the M.V. We are a small team and you can find out here who the best person to contact is regarding any query. To complete my story, I have to tell you that all this motivated me highly to assist the Dutch Caroline organization. [64] On 24 November 2021 a new transmitter was installed with an effective radiated power of 4kW. City: London. The station restarted in August 1983 from a new radio ship, the MV Ross Revenge, an ex-North Sea factory fishing trawler used during the Anglo-Icelandic Cod War by Ross Fisheries. [6] The generator was left running but the pumps could not manage and the vessel sank 10 minutes later. It was the floating pirate radio station whose mission to was to transmit rock 'n' roll to the masses. On 27 April, the Mi Amigo was fully operational. Radio Caroline is the best UK online radio. Programmes were presented by current and former DJs from the BBC, ILR, Ireland, Luxembourg, offshore and land-based pirate stations, and other international and freelance backgrounds, including Tony Prince and Emperor Rosko. Caroline can also be listened to over the internet including via music players such as Amazon echo (Alexa). Luckily, up till the end of last year, the station succeeded in selling a lot of airtime to American religious organisations. Radio Caroline was a real phenomen. BBC Radio 1 lost nearly half a million listeners in the first quarter of 2022, new figures show. We are no longer accepting comments on this article. Here they produced programmes for Dutch-speaking holidaymakers, mostly Europop, Top 40, MOR and Dutch language popular music presented by Belgian, Dutch and occasionally English DJs with frequent commercials. Since January, Emma Barnett has been the lead presenter, coming via BBC Radio 5 Live. Radio Caroline was begun by Irish musician manager and businessman Ronan O'Rahilly, after he failed to obtain airplay on Radio Luxembourg for Georgie Fame's records because the station was committed to sponsored programmes promoting major record labels: EMI, Decca, Pye and Philips. 50 kW (second 10 kW transmitter later added). The benefits, entitlements as a RAJAR subscriber and the data explained. Each of his crew was awarded The Thanks of the Institution on vellum.[33]. On the 9 September 2017 a stone was unveiled in Felixstowe to commemorate Radio Caroline.[63]. "Walking down the King's Road" track by Squire "In a Chelsea drug store with some friends of mine, mini skirts, dolly birds and Radio Caroline". It left Spain, with an incomplete studio, to avoid legal entanglements. The Dutch claimed the ship's Panamanian registration had lapsed in 1987, was not under legal protection from any country and that its transmissions breached international regulations which since 1982 had prohibited broadcasting from outside national territories. MV Caroline sailed from Felixstowe to the Isle of Man, broadcasting as she went. Media agencies/owners, PR companies and members of the public interested in receiving more detailed data than that currently shown under Listening Figures on the RAJAR site. [citation needed], In Spain, a station broadcast during the summer 2009 on 102.7MHz in the Costa Blanca from studios in Benidorm. The station has subsequently broadcast on 531kHz AM from the Ross Revenge during some bank holiday weekends, beginning on 2831 August 2009 and also within a few days of the 50th anniversary of the ship's first voyage. Multiple Streams Programme Schedule 'Now Playing' Programme 'alarms' Presenter profiles 'This Day' page Send emails Caroline's album format meant that, although the station served a gap in the market, its audience was smaller than in the 1960s. When Radio Veronica closed in 1974, some presenters moved to Radio Mi Amigo. A little about myself. Ray Clark) and Rob Charles. Listening on an internet radio or webplayer "Between December 26 and December 30, 1973, a friend and I went to Holland for a few days. When the US-backed Radio London arrived off the coast of England, there was an unsuccessful attempt to merge its sales operation with that of Caroline before Radio London started transmissions. But next to hearing other people talk about the subject, I never really had listened to the Sound of the Nation. One 5kW transmitter was initially not serviceable. [25] The ship anchored off the Dutch coastal resort of Scheveningen and was serviced and operated from the Netherlands. ", Andries Peterson from the Netherlands also has his memories of the station: "I had heard from Radio Caroline before the station started its transmissions off the Dutch coast, late 1973. On 9 August 1985, an official vessel anchored 150 yards from the Ross Revenge. Caroline Archive Hour. [65], Radio Caroline's founder, Ronan O'Rahilly, was diagnosed with vascular dementia in 2013; his death aged 79 on 20 April 2020 was announced by Radio Caroline. Most Read. Round Midnight was confined to closedown on Radio Caroline North after The World Tomorrow. Home; Stations . It was renamed Radio Caroline South and MV Mi Amigo remained off Frinton-on-Sea while MV Caroline broadcast as Radio Caroline North. Some DJs from the USA and Commonwealth countries, such as Graham Webb, Emperor Rosko and Keith Hampshire were also heard. Due to generator trouble, the two services could no longer be broadcast simultaneously and Radio Caroline again broadcast at night with both stations using the 50kW transmitter and Radio Caroline began to receive more mail from the continent. Half of AM/FM listening in the United States takes place in a car, but between reduced (or eliminated) commutes and social distancing, there's been a steep decline in the drivers that make up public radio's traditional broadcast audience. From 2007, the ship was docked at Tilbury, where a volunteer crew repaired and maintained it. [48] Evangelical programmes and sponsored specialist music are broadcast. The bureauxs client must also be a RAJAR subscriber. Never miss a show by setting an alarm for when it is about to start, or if you do - listen to it later using our 'Listen Again . However, the storm had weakened the mast, which collapsed in another storm later. Radio Atlanta closed at 8p.m. that day. In 1976, The Loving Awareness Band released their only album, Loving Awareness on More Love Records (ML001), a label set up by O'Rahilly. People have to move away from the idea that Caroline can only broadcast from a boat I thought that back in the early days we were fighting for free radio to be legalised "free" as in freedom of speech and on land! Kennedy. Caroline returned on 9 March 1977 on 953kHz, actually 315 metres but announced as 319. Dates of the upcoming scheduled releases of RAJAR data. [citation needed] The new station introduced British audiences to slick American-style top 40 radio with electronic jingles produced by Dallas-based PAMS, and was an immediate success. English Website 228 Listen live 3 Playlist Contacts Related radio stations Radio Caroline On the air Radio Caroline Flashback Radio Caroline Flashback playlist TOP songs on Radio Caroline Flashback "[41] In a 1995 article for the pressure group Charter88, Steve McGann commented: "Whether Caroline was right to maintain her defiance for so many years is irrelevant. Total listening hours for Talkradio were up 23% compared to the last quarter to reach 5.7m hours each week, while Times Radio's listening hours were up 16% to 3.6m hours weekly. [45] The Ross Revenge was salvaged and brought into harbour in Dover, ending 27 years of Radio Caroline's unlicensed offshore career. Radio 1Xtra had 744k listeners, BBC Radio. According to the latest Nielsen Audio Today report, more than two-thirds of the weekly radio audience works full time and tunes in when they're away from home. One would circle over the North Sea in international air space near the United Kingdom, while the other remained on standby. Listen live to the world famous Radio Caroline on your iOS device. The Dutch government banned unlicensed offshore radio on 1 September 1974. Another RSL broadcast ran from 7 August until 3 September 2004, with the ship moored at the cruise liner terminal jetty at Tilbury in Essex. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Radio Caroline South's 259 metres signal was now near those of Radio London on 266m (1133kHz) and the BBC's Light Programme on 247m (1214kHz). The latest listening figures reveal that Global continues to lead the UK commercial radio market with the biggest set of audience numbers in our history. [8] On a fund-raising trip to the U.S., O'Rahilly reportedly saw a Life magazine photograph of Kennedy and his children in the Oval Office that served as the inspiration for the name "Caroline Radio". The station hasn't the glamour anymore it had in its High Seas Days, but I'm still enjoying all the memories. As those people, who did promote the stations with their magazines and internet sites, wouldn't have been there, we certainly wouldn't be celebrating Caroline's Fortieth Birthday this year.". The Ross Revenge also featured powerful generators.[37]. Who RAJAR is owned by and what we do. After the Fredericia was renamed the MV Caroline, it sailed from Felixstowe to the Isle of Man and laid down its anchor in open water around three miles from land. Former presenter Johnnie Walker said in an interview on NPR last year that O'Rahilly thought it was a 'wonderful image' of 'happiness and laughter disrupting the works of government'. Harry Howard, History Correspondent For Mailonline, Mom who lost both sons to fentanyl blasts laughing Biden, Two Russian tanks annihilated with bombs by Ukrainian armed forces, Isabel Oakeshott receives 'menacing' message from Matt Hancock, Pavement where disabled woman gestured at cyclist before fatal crash, Pro-Ukrainian drone lands on Russian spy planes exposing location, 'Buster is next!' By September 28, 1964 just six months after launching the station's then-manager boasted in the Daily Mail of having an audience bigger than the all-powerful and well-established BBC. Two (Radio 270 and Radio London) of the remaining four UK-based offshore stations closed, but the two Caroline ships continued with their supply operation moved to Netherlands waters, where unlicensed ship-based broadcasting was not outlawed until 1974. Since 1991, the Ross Revenge has been maintained by enthusiasts called the Radio Caroline Support Group, originally the Ross Revenge Support Group. Radio Monique was popular throughout Benelux. Wonder where he is now? For the first years, advertising on the station was in demand. I think so. Markets. There are very few restrictions placed on Caroline's licence, allowing them to broadcast virtually what they like within the law. Radio Caroline South = 10kW (later 50 kW). Mary wrote us: "I wondered if your series should be including the titles of any of the records played on the Test Transmission tapes? One of Radio Caroline's directors, Major Oliver Smedley, formerly of Radio Atlanta, entered a partnership with Radio City's owner, pop group manager Reginald Calvert and installed a more powerful transmitter on the fort. Listening Statistics: 23 Facts You Need to Hear. By and large the old hands ignored us but Rob was very enthusiastic and took us to the top floor where the new studios of Radio Mi Amigo were being given a dry run. Global's Highest Radio Reach EVER!!! Age UK cited NHS Digital figures for England which show there were 28,890 support requests for people aged 65 and over in 2021/22 where the person died without any of those services being provided. The 10kW transmitters could run on the Henschel generator beside the two main MAN units and also a Cummins unit on the aft deck behind the wheelhouse.[29]. This comes after Steve Wright, Craig Charles, Paul O'Grady, Vanessa Feltz and Ken Bruce all left Radio 2 in a mass exodus over the past six months. Furthermore, it was stated that the pirates' use of wavelengths also broke international agreements. News at peak hours: 7, 8, 9am, 1pm; 5, 6, 7pm, with headlines at 6:30am, 7:30am and 8:30am. Greg James' breakfast show on Radio 1 also saw an increase in listeners quarter-on-quarter. Radio Caroline tried several frequencies, among them 963, 576, 585 (briefly), 558 (after Laser 558 closed) and later 819kHz. Three British nationals, a Dutchman and their canary (named Wilson after the former Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson) were rescued. With Face-to-Face recruitment being suspended at the end of March, RAJAR introduced a Tracking Panel to evaluate radio listening during our time in Lockdown. This request, and one to stop transmissions on 819kHz, was refused. Engineer Peter Chicago had hidden transmitter parts during the raid and retuned one 5kW transmitter, previously used on short-wave, to 558kHz. Since November 2009 Radio Seagull can be heard periodically on 558kHz in London. Hughley is partnering with Janssen to empower Black communities with information and encourage better self-advocacy for their health. To allow Radio Mi Amigo to continue broadcasting by day, the engineering work for Caroline's move had to be carried out over six nights, after the 50kW transmitter was switched off. His programme, which airs five days a week, rose from 4.3 million to 4.5 million listeners between the . Some DJs were embarrassed but some were fascinated by the challenge of an abstract concept. ", From Shaun in California we received a response on our chapters on the internet: "Chapter 10 of the series, treating the return of Radio Caroline in 1983, brought back some very happy memories. MV Ross Revenge weathered the storm in the North Sea. [citation needed]. On this page Hans Knot presents a few exemplary ones. The Mi Amigo returned to its Frinton-on-Sea anchorage with a redesigned antenna and a new 50kW transmitter and attempted to resume broadcasting on 18 April, nominally on 259 metres to enable the same jingles as Radio Caroline North on 1169kHz to be used, but actually 252 metres. Part of being a good communicator means knowing how to listen. Part of the raid was broadcast live[40] before officials disabled the transmitters. While 6 Music saw a 3.1 per cent dip in its quarter-on-quarter listening figures - pulling in 2.6million listeners - the station is still the UK's number one digital radio station. I always tried to get the best quality out of my car radio, while listening to the station and I always felt fed up when Caroline was off the air again, forcing me to tune in to the sound of Hilversum 3 the then so-called public pop station in the Netherlands. From its two vantage points, Radio Caroline's presenters who included future BBC stalwart Tony Blackburn and Tory MP Roger Gale regaled Britons with pop songs which they could only hear on conventional stations for a few hours a week. He was opposed by some DJs and crew who had worked on the Mi Amigo and the album format stayed along with presenters such as Andy Archer, Samantha Dubois, Grant Benson, Robin Ross and Simon Barrett. Lincoln - Jaz Shelley and Alexis Markowski both put up big double-doubles to lead four Huskers in double figures, as the Nebraska women's basketball team rolled to an 80-64 win over Northwestern in front of more than 6,000 fans at Pinnacle Bank Arena on Sunday afternoon. Radio Caroline are committed to promote UK Culture, Music, News, Heritage, Tourism and many more through their . Next to that we can listen in to Radio Caroline on internet and satellite. Currently they also broadcast on DAB radio in certain areas of the UK: these services are part of the Ofcom small-scale DAB+ trials. On 30 August 1974 Mi Amigo moved from the Dutch coast to the Knock Deep Channel, approximately 12 miles (19km) from the British coast. Programmes were recorded on land and broadcast between 6a.m. and 7p.m. [citation needed]. Belgian courts sentenced Tack and some DJs to fines and jail in absentia, although the prison terms were later cancelled. During the same quarter, on BBC Sounds there were a total of 162m plays of. Chris Faulkner, for instance, replied by going back to his youth: "My memory of the "Old Girl" comes from the time she moved to the Isle of Mann in 1964. In late 1972, Radio Caroline had money problems. This market overview is based on the first three waves of the Tracking Panel, comparing listening through April, May and June with pre-lockdown. Walgreens Boots Alliance Inc. won't sell abortion pills in 20 states after warnings by Republican attorneys general of legal action, a decision that limits the medication's . [67][68][69][70] The station, owned by St Peters Studio and Community Radio Limited, has not only licensed the name from Radio Caroline, but has also got technical support and programming from the station, who have their own community radio licences in the south, south east and in East Anglia on 648AM (with Radio Caroline also found on DAB in a number of British cities, plus DAB+ in Cambridge). Browse our programme schedule, read the presenter profiles, send emails and brush up on your world, music and radio history on our 'This Day' page. One is lack of finance, so presenters work for nothing we, the Caroline supporters, can ask for no greater dedication and I am quite happy to do my bit and help keep the dream alive with my monthly subscription. 18:03 GMT 28 Sep 2021. Since the pandemic took hold in the United States, NPR's radio ratings have taken a nosedive. We simply knocked on the door which was answered by a young Canadian who called himself Rob Day. RAJAR figures showed 34.51m people tuning in each week for live output across the stations, with a share of 49.9%. The Dutch Radio Caroline then changed its name to Radio Waddenzee (nl) for daytime Dutch and German language, and Radio Seagull for nighttime English language broadcasts, and now broadcasts on 1602kHz every day and on the internet, presenting a progressive rock format. -1.04 -1.26%. Obviously, we hope to be back with you as soon as possible, but just for the moment we would like to say goodbye. ", And, here's one coming from Johnnie Lang, a fervent Caroline supporter: "I feel that I have to put forward a little in the way of defence for the actual Radio Caroline. Throughout most of the 1970s, Radio Caroline could be heard only at night, calling itself "Europe's first and only album station". I did not succeed in getting things right every day, but I certainly felt good every time I heard the famous Caroline bell going "Ding, Ding," followed by the opening tune from those days: "On My Way Back Home" from The New Riders on the Purple Sage. Around this time, O'Rahilly decided Caroline should adopt an album format similar to FM progressive rock stations in the US, an audience not catered for in Europe. ". The ship was further delayed by hull damage, and repaired before writs could be issued. The first record played was Fool (If You Think It's Over), by Chris Rea, dedicated to the British Home Office. Daytime programming was leased to a community radio service called Puketapu Radio on 756kHz.[75]. For several months only one transmitter could be used, leading to the loss of the income-generating Radio Monique, although a substitute Dutch daytime service, Radio 558 (later Radio 819), was eventually established. Every time I succeeded in getting a good signal during the evening, I knew I again would have a very good evening. DJs could choose ordering of oldies all current pop hits in strict rotation. I vividly remember the days leading up to the first broadcast from the Ross, the test tones, the usually incorrect! In a sign of Radio Caroline's enormous influence on popular culture, the BBC launched Radio 1 in September 1967 in an effort to respond to its success, as well as that of the rival Radio London. In 1972, MV Mi Amigo was bought for her scrap value at auction by enthusiast Gerard van Dam, who intended to use her as a free radio museum. The next day, Calvert visited Smedley's home in Saffron Walden, Essex, to demand the departure of the raiders and the return of vital transmitter parts. The whole of the school Easter holiday, my friend Mozz and I took the tranny with us everywhere. The highlight however was picking up test transmissions from Radio Caroline I had missed the tests of the previous day. In 2020, the show's two long-serving presenters, Jenni Murray and Jane Garvey, both departed the programme. . Island FM (58% of people in their area tune in every week) Channel 103 FM (55%) Moray Firth Radio (46%) Radio Borders (43%) Yorkshire Coast Radio (42%) 3FM (38%) Wessex FM (38%) Northsound 1 (38%) IOW Radio (35%) Tay FM (35%) The only problem I had with it was the weight of it hanging on my arm my right arm is probably longer than my left one now and being able to find sufficient pocket money to buy the batteries! Information for commercial radio stations that are licenced by OFCOM and are looking to be measured on the RAJAR survey. The late 1970's model of Radio Caroline is still my favourite, despite the fact they were on and off the air more than a partisan station in WW2. I never had the idea to buy any of the singles they promoted, as these got so much airplay and therefore entered the charts. The poster itself,. Latest releases and insightful stories into the radio industry. BBC Radio 5 Live posted a reach of 5.89m listeners. Radio Caroline Flashback provides an alternative live service for loyal and new listeners, who want to hear tracks from this exciting era. By A request to stop broadcasting on short wave 6.215MHz was complied with, and after several hours the government ship returned to port. A rudimentary news service, consisting of headlines on the half hour at peak listening times, was started on 12th September 1983, while the famous Caroline Bell was re-introduced on 16th September. On Easter Saturday, my parents wanted to go and view a show house on a new estate. During 2013, a survey showed a continued move from satellite reception and growth in internet listening. Nowadays, Radio Caroline has to resort to other sources. Reception area: North of England, Midlands, Ireland, Scotland and North Wales. Radio Caroline broadcast appeals for help, giving the ship's position as .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}5141N 135E / 51.683N 1.583E / 51.683; 1.583. O'Rahilly wanted Radio Caroline to become an oldies station. The Radio Caroline name was used to broadcast from international waters, using five different ships of three different owners, from 1964 to 1990, and via satellite from 1998 to 2013 (pictured:. O'Rahilly and Drummond were inspired by the Danish Radio Mercur, which in 1952 became the first station in the world to broadcast commercial radio from a vessel in international waters without permission from the authorities in the country that it broadcast to.
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